GALANTE, MOSES BEN JONATHAN (II)
- GALANTE, MOSES BEN JONATHAN (II)
- GALANTE, MOSES BEN JONATHAN (II) (1620–1689), Jerusalem
rabbi. Galante was called "Ha-Rav ha-Magen" after his major
work Elef ha-Magen which includes one thousand responsa and
cases (unpublished). He was the grandson of Moses b.
mordecai galante . He studied in Safed and later
moved to Jerusalem where he became a leading rabbi and headed the
yeshiva Bet Ya'akov. His students included hezekiah b. david Da
Silva, author of Peri Hadash, Israel Jacob Ḥagiz, his
son-in-law (the father of Moses Ḥagiz ), and Abraham Yiẓḥaki,
the rabbi of Jerusalem. He and other scholars instituted an ordinance
(takkanah) that the scholars of Jerusalem would not use the
title "rabbi" (in order that one scholar would not have authority over
another). From 1667–68 he served as an emissary of Jerusalem to the
cities of Turkey and Hungary. In 1673 he was again in Jerusalem. Galante
was influenced by the Shabbatean movement for a time. In 1665 he and
other rabbis from Jerusalem went
to Gaza in order to seek purification of the soul from nathan of
Gaza. At the end of 1665 or early in 1666 Galante was in Aleppo where he
was among the leading Shabbatean "prophets." According to the testimony
in a letter from Aleppo (in Ms. Epstein, Vienna, Jewish Community
Library 1418), Galante was the "ḥakham Moses
Galante" who accompanied Shabbetai Ẓevi to Smyrna at the end of 1665 and
was appointed by him "King Yehoshaphat." He also accompanied Shabbetai
Ẓevi to Constantinople. R. Abraham Yiẓḥaki testified that Galante said
"Although I would not believe in Shabbetai Ẓevi, I would not deprecate
him. But after I saw that in writing to one of his followers here, he
signed himself 'I the Lord your God' (i.e., he wrote the Tetragrammaton
in his own handwriting), I excommunicate him daily." His published
works include Zevaḥ ha-Shelamim, commentaries on the Torah
with the glosses of Galante's grandson Moses Ḥagiz (Amsterdam, 1708),
and Korban Ḥagigah, sermons for the Three Festivals and
novellae on the tractate Ḥagigah and on Maimonides' Yad
ha-Ḥazakah (Venice, 1704, 1709).
-BIBLIOGRAPHY:
Frumkin-Rivlin, 2 (1928),56–60, 150; Habermann, in:
Koveẓ-al-Yad, 13 (1940), 210; Yaari, Sheluḥei, 290–1; I.
Tishby, Ẓiẓat Novel Ẓevi le-Rabbi Ya'akov Sasportas (1954),
74f.; Scholem, Shabbetai Ẓevi, name index.
(David Tamar)
Encyclopedia Judaica.
1971.
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